Treatment of Hypogonadism:
Hypogonadism is a condition in which enough testosterone is produced for it to exert its hormonal functions
There are different types of Hypogonadism:
Primary Hypogonadism : in which the testicles do not produce enough testosterone
Secondary Hypogonadism: in which the low testosterone levels are due to a problem in the brain mainly either the hypothalamus or pituitary gland.
Common causes of primary hypogonadism include:
- Klinefelter syndrome. This condition results from a congenital abnormality of the sex chromosomes, X and Y.
- Undescended testicles
- Mumps orchitis. I
- Hemochromatosis. Too much iron in the blood can cause testicular failure or pituitary gland dysfunction, affecting testosterone production.
- Injury to the testicles.
- Cancer treatment.
Secondary hypogonadism
In secondary hypogonadism, the testicles are normal but function improperly due to a problem with the pituitary or hypothalamus. A number of conditions can cause secondary hypogonadism, including:
- Kallmann syndrome. Abnormal development of the hypothalamus — the area of the brain that controls the secretion of pituitary hormones — can cause hypogonadism.
- Pituitary disorders. An abnormality in the pituitary gland can impair the release of hormones from the pituitary gland to the testicles, affecting normal testosterone production
- Inflammatory disease. Can affect testosterone production.
- HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS can cause low levels of testosterone by affecting the hypothalamus, the pituitary and the testes.
- Medications. The use of certain drugs, such as opiate pain medications and some hormones, can affect testosterone production.
- Obesity. Being significantly overweight at any age may be linked to hypogonadism.
- Normal aging. Older men generally have lower testosterone levels than younger men do. As men age, there’s a slow and continuous decrease in testosterone production.
- Concurrent illness. The reproductive system can temporarily shut down due to the physical stress of an illness or surgery, as well as during significant emotional stress.
Treating Hypogonadism:
Natural ways to increase Testosterone:
- Zinc
- Chrysin
- Carnitine
- Muira puama
- Cruciferous vegetables
- Quercitin (aromatase inhibitor)
- Saw Palmetto
- Nettle extracts (increases free testosterone by binding SHBG
Types of testosterone replacement therapy
Several testosterone delivery methods exist. Methods include:
- Injection. Testosterone injections (testosterone cypionate, testosterone enanthate) are safe and effective. Injections are given in a muscle.
- Patch. A patch containing testosterone (Androderm) is applied each night to your back, abdomen, upper arm or thigh. The site of the application is rotated to maintain seven-day intervals between applications to the same site, to lessen skin reactions.
- Gel. There are several gel preparations available with different ways of applying them. AndroGel, Testim, Vogelxo), apply with an applicator under each armpit (Axiron) or pump on your front and inner thigh (Fortesta).
- Gum and cheek (buccal cavity).
- Nasal. Testosterone can be pumped into the nostrils as a gel.
- Implantable pellets. Testosterone-containing pellets (Testopel) are surgically implanted under the skin every three to six months.
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